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【
Python
】
自动登录网络设备备份配置文件
作者:
Solon.Ring
/ 发布于
2012/3/6
/
821
<div>coding:utf-8</div> <div>!/usr/bin/python</div> <div>'''</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>program: run.py</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>程序名称：数通设备tftp备份 </div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>开发：gyh9711</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>日期:2012-3-2</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>www.disp2012.com</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>环境：【wind2003[open Tftp server] + virtualbox:ubuntn10 server】</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tftp ： Open TFTP Server </div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ubuntn </div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>python + pyexpect</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>采用虚拟机原因： pyexpect 不支持windows </div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>注：原打算采用secrueCrt 脚本编写，因实践中发现没有使用linux下pexpect易用，灵活 ，之前习惯使用expect,因tcl【语法】没有python易用、易维护</div> <div></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>编写些程序原因：</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>最近出了比较严重故障：因netscreen设备bug,一个节点主备设备同时出故障，更换设备后，发现备份配置文件出现乱码【中文】，不能直接使用。</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>考虑设备在内网，目前有近300台数通设备，因此采用原始tftp备份方式</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>因备份设备不多：暂只考虑功能，程序效率放在次要</div> <div></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>发布：</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2012-3-2 基本实现netscreen,cisco ios, hw vrp，h3c f1000设备 备份程序 version 0.1</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2012-3-3 1.分离出设备信息配置 2.增加备份是否成功检测 version 0.2</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>问题：1 未解决ping 不可达主要，反馈慢问题 解决办法：ip 一项，不支持主机名，在 ipCheck函数中添加检查地址进行解决 2012-3-3</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>2.登录设备部署expect代码，没有处理认证失败情况，或者超时等基本检查问题</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div>'''</div> import pexpect</div> import datetime</div> import time</div> import os</div> import re</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div>tftp服务器</div> <div>tftpServer='192.168.1.115'</div> <div></div> <div>备份主机列表【配置格式如下】</div> <div>ip 备份脚本[系统类型] 登录帐号 密码 super密码 是否需要备份</div> <div>backupHosts=[</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.168.1.27","script":"vrp","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.168.1.28","script":"vrp","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.10.100.100","script":"vrp","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.10.100.101","script":"vrp","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.10.98.167","script":"juniper","login":"netscreen","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.10.98.168","script":"juniper","login":"netscreen","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.168.1.124","script":"h3c_firewall","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.168.1.125","script":"h3c_firewall","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.10.98.233","script":"ios","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>{"ip":"192.10.98sd","script":"ios","login":"test","passwd":"*****","su_passwd":"*****","check":"Y"},</div> <div>]</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div> 检查主机是否可达</div> <div>def ipCheck(ip):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if re.match(r"\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}",ip):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if os.uname()[0] == "Linux":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>output=os.popen("/bin/ping -c 1 -W 2 %s" % (ip)).read().split("\n")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if "1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms" in output:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>return True</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>return False</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>return False</div> <div></div> <div> 产生日期</div> <div>def getToday():</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>return datetime.date.today()</div> <div></div> <div>'''核心代码'''</div> <div></div> <div>def telnet_hw3552(ip,login,passwd,su_passwd):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>try:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/telnet %s' % (ip))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>index = foo.expect(['sername:', 'assword:'])</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if index == 0:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(login)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("assword:")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif index == 1:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("super")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("assword:")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(su_passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("tftp %s put %s %s " % (tftpServer,"vrpcfg.cfg",ip+"_hw_"+str(getToday())+".cfg"))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>index=foo.expect(["successfully","Error"])</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if index == 1:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(" ")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("tftp %s put %s %s " % (tftpServer,"vrpcfg.zip",ip+"_hw_"+str(getToday())+".zip"))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("quit")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>except pexpect.EOF:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close()</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div></div> <div>思科ios系统交换机</div> <div>def telnet_ciscoios(ip,login,passwd,su_passwd):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>try:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/telnet %s' % (ip))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>index = foo.expect(['sername:', 'assword:'])<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if index == 0:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(login)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("assword:")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif index == 1:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("en")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("assword:")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(su_passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("#")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("copy running-config tftp")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(".*remote.*")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("%s" % (tftpServer))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(".*filename.*")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("%s" % (ip+"_ciscoIos_"+str(getToday())+"_runningconfig.cfg"))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("#")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("exit")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>except pexpect.EOF:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close()</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div>h3c防火墙</div> <div>def telnet_h3cfirewallf1000(ip,login,passwd,su_passwd):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>try:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/telnet %s' % (ip))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>index = foo.expect(['sername:', 'assword:'])<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if index == 0:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(login)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("assword:")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif index == 1:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("tftp %s put %s %s " % (tftpServer,"startup.cfg",ip+"_h3cf1000_"+str(getToday())+"_startup.cfg"))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("tftp %s put %s %s " % (tftpServer,"system.xml",ip+"_h3cf1000_"+str(getToday())+"_system.xml"))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("quit")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>except pexpect.EOF:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close()</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div>netscreen firewall</div> <div>def telnet_netscren(ip,login,passwd,su_passwd):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>try:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/telnet %s' % (ip))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>index = foo.expect(['login:', 'assword:'])<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if index == 0:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(login)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("assword:")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif index == 1:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline(su_passwd)</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("save config to tftp %s %s" % (tftpServer,ip+"_netscreen_"+str(getToday())+".cfg"))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect("Succeeded")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(">")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("exit")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.expect(".*save.*")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.sendline("Y")<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>except pexpect.EOF:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close()</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>foo.close<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div>调用核心代码函数</div> <div>def run():</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>'''先查看配置，确认设备是否需要备份， 再确认设备是否网络可达，ok才进行备份操作'''</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>for i in backupHosts:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if i['check'] == "Y":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if ipCheck(i['ip']):</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>print(" --->>> backup %s ......" % (i['ip']))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if i['script'] == "vrp":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>telnet_hw3552(i['ip'],i['login'],i['passwd'],i['su_passwd']) #cfg</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif i['script'] == "ios":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>telnet_ciscoios(i['ip'],i['login'],i['passwd'],i['su_passwd']) #cisco</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif i['script'] == "juniper":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>telnet_netscren(i['ip'],i['login'],i['passwd'],i['su_passwd']) #juniper netscreen</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>elif i['script'] == "h3c_firewall":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>telnet_h3cfirewallf1000(i['ip'],i['login'],i['passwd'],i['su_passwd']) # h3c firewall</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>print("%s [%s] nonsupoort this type system host" % (i['ip'],i['script']))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>else:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>print("unknown host %s or hosts ip config error" % (i['ip']))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div>+++++++++++++++++++++main+++++++++++++++++++=</div> if __name__ == "__main__":</div> <div>执行备份</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>run()</div> <div>检查备份是否成功</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>print("----------------------- report ------------------")</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>backupPath='/win_data/tftp_log' #备份路径</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tftpList=[]</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>for i in os.popen("ls %s | grep \"%s\"" % (backupPath,getToday())).readlines(): #将备份到文件存放于列表中</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>tftpList.append(i.split("_")[0])</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>for i in backupHosts: #检查需要备份设备，是否备份到[tftp上有没有文件] 没：则提示</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if i['check'] == "Y":</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>if i['ip'] not in tftpList:</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>print("%s backup error" % (i['ip']))</div> <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></div> <div>'''</div> <div>测试</div> <div>testistrator@python:/win_data$ python run.py</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.168.1.27 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.168.1.28 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.10.100.100 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.10.100.101 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.10.98.167 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.10.98.168 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.168.1.124 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.168.1.125 ......</div> <div>--->>> backup 192.10.98.233 ......</div> <div>unknown host 192.10.98sd or hosts ip config error</div> <div>----------------------- report ------------------</div> <div>192.10.98sd backup error</div> <div>'''</div>
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通过qrcode库生成二维码
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通过httplib发送GET和POST请求
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Django下解决小文件下载
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遍历windows的所有窗口并输出窗口标题
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根据窗口标题调用窗口
.
python 抓取搜狗指定公众号
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pandas读取指定列
可能有用的
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SQL查询 多列合并成一行用逗号隔开
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一行一行读取txt的内容
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C#动态修改文件夹名称(FSO实现，不移动文件)
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c# 移动文件或文件夹
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c#图片添加水印
.
Java PDF转换成图片并输出给前台展示
.
网站后台修改图片尺寸代码
.
处理大图片在缩略图时的展示
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实现对图片上传的接收
.
判断用户输入的是否为IP地址
Solon.Ring
贡献的其它代码
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2
)
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自动登录网络设备备份配置文件
.
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