windows下的GUI操作代码,Python代码库,德仔网

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【Python】 windows下的GUI操作
作者:Kevin_Yang / 发布于2013/10/11/ 1293
一个比较简单的windows GUI python自动化脚本模块，能够实现基本的查找与点击，但是功能比较简单，查找的时候不支持正则查找文字，也不支持窗口ID查询，不过可以满足基本的需求，不要要求太苛刻

	# Module : winGuiAuto.py
	# Synopsis : Windows GUI automation utilities
	# Programmer : Simon Brunning - simon@brunningonline.net
	# Date : 25 June 2003
	# Version : 1.0 pre-alpha 2
	# Copyright : Released to the public domain. Provided as-is, with no warranty.
	# Notes : Requires Python 2.3, win32all and ctypes
	'''Windows GUI automation utilities.

	Until I get around to writing some docs and examples, the tests at the foot of
	this module should serve to get you started.
	'''

	import array
	import ctypes
	import os
	import struct
	import sys
	import win32api
	import win32con
	import win32gui

	def findTopWindow(wantedText=None, wantedClass=None, selectionFunction=None):
	 '''Find the hwnd of a top level window.
	 You can identify windows using captions, classes, a custom selection
	 function, or any combination of these. (Multiple selection criteria are
	 ANDed. If this isn't what's wanted, use a selection function.)

	 Arguments:
	 wantedText Text which the required window's captions must contain.
	 wantedClass Class to which the required window must belong.
	 selectionFunction Window selection function. Reference to a function
	 should be passed here. The function should take hwnd as
	 an argument, and should return True when passed the
	 hwnd of a desired window.
	
	 Raises:
	 WinGuiAutoError When no window found.

	 Usage example: optDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText="Options")
	 '''
	 topWindows = findTopWindows(wantedText, wantedClass, selectionFunction)
	 if topWindows:
	 return topWindows[0]
	 else:
	 raise WinGuiAutoError("No top level window found for wantedText=" +
	 repr(wantedText) +
	 ", wantedClass=" +
	 repr(wantedClass) +
	 ", selectionFunction=" +
	 repr(selectionFunction))

	def findTopWindows(wantedText=None, wantedClass=None, selectionFunction=None):
	 '''Find the hwnd of top level windows.
	 You can identify windows using captions, classes, a custom selection
	 function, or any combination of these. (Multiple selection criteria are
	 ANDed. If this isn't what's wanted, use a selection function.)

	 Arguments:
	 wantedText Text which required windows' captions must contain.
	 wantedClass Class to which required windows must belong.
	 selectionFunction Window selection function. Reference to a function
	 should be passed here. The function should take hwnd as
	 an argument, and should return True when passed the
	 hwnd of a desired window.

	 Returns: A list containing the window handles of all top level
	 windows matching the supplied selection criteria.

	 Usage example: optDialogs = findTopWindows(wantedText="Options")
	 '''
	 results = []
	 topWindows = []
	 win32gui.EnumWindows(_windowEnumerationHandler, topWindows)
	 for hwnd, windowText, windowClass in topWindows:
	 if wantedText and not _normaliseText(wantedText) in _normaliseText(windowText):
	 continue
	 if wantedClass and not windowClass == wantedClass:
	 continue
	 if selectionFunction and not selectionFunction(hwnd):
	 continue
	 results.append(hwnd)
	 return results
	
	def dumpWindow(hwnd):
	 '''Dump all controls from a window into a nested list
	 Useful during development, allowing to you discover the structure of the
	 contents of a window, showing the text and class of all contained controls.

	 Arguments: The window handle of the top level window to dump.

	 Returns A nested list of controls. Each entry consists of the
	 control's hwnd, its text, its class, and its sub-controls,
	 if any.

	 Usage example: replaceDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText='Replace')
	 pprint.pprint(dumpWindow(replaceDialog))
	 '''
	 windows = []
	 try:
	 win32gui.EnumChildWindows(hwnd, _windowEnumerationHandler, windows)
	 except win32gui.error:
	 # No child windows
	 return
	 windows = [list(window) for window in windows]
	 for window in windows:
	 childHwnd, windowText, windowClass = window
	 window_content = dumpWindow(childHwnd)
	 if window_content:
	 window.append(window_content)
	 return windows

	def findControl(topHwnd,
	 wantedText=None,
	 wantedClass=None,
	 selectionFunction=None):
	 '''Find a control.
	 You can identify a control using caption, classe, a custom selection
	 function, or any combination of these. (Multiple selection criteria are
	 ANDed. If this isn't what's wanted, use a selection function.)

	 Arguments:
	 topHwnd The window handle of the top level window in which the
	 required controls reside.
	 wantedText Text which the required control's captions must contain.
	 wantedClass Class to which the required control must belong.
	 selectionFunction Control selection function. Reference to a function
	 should be passed here. The function should take hwnd as
	 an argument, and should return True when passed the
	 hwnd of the desired control.

	 Returns: The window handle of the first control matching the
	 supplied selection criteria.
	
	 Raises:
	 WinGuiAutoError When no control found.

	 Usage example: optDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText="Options")
	 okButton = findControl(optDialog,
	 wantedClass="Button",
	 wantedText="OK")
	 '''
	 controls = findControls(topHwnd,
	 wantedText=wantedText,
	 wantedClass=wantedClass,
	 selectionFunction=selectionFunction)
	 if controls:
	 return controls[0]
	 else:
	 raise WinGuiAutoError("No control found for topHwnd=" +
	 repr(topHwnd) +
	 ", wantedText=" +
	 repr(wantedText) +
	 ", wantedClass=" +
	 repr(wantedClass) +
	 ", selectionFunction=" +
	 repr(selectionFunction))

	def findControls(topHwnd,
	 wantedText=None,
	 wantedClass=None,
	 selectionFunction=None):
	 '''Find controls.
	 You can identify controls using captions, classes, a custom selection
	 function, or any combination of these. (Multiple selection criteria are
	 ANDed. If this isn't what's wanted, use a selection function.)

	 Arguments:
	 topHwnd The window handle of the top level window in which the
	 required controls reside.
	 wantedText Text which the required controls' captions must contain.
	 wantedClass Class to which the required controls must belong.
	 selectionFunction Control selection function. Reference to a function
	 should be passed here. The function should take hwnd as
	 an argument, and should return True when passed the
	 hwnd of a desired control.

	 Returns: The window handles of the controls matching the
	 supplied selection criteria.

	 Usage example: optDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText="Options")
	 def findButtons(hwnd, windowText, windowClass):
	 return windowClass == "Button"
	 buttons = findControl(optDialog, wantedText="Button")
	 '''
	 def searchChildWindows(currentHwnd):
	 results = []
	 childWindows = []
	 try:
	 win32gui.EnumChildWindows(currentHwnd,
	 _windowEnumerationHandler,
	 childWindows)
	 except win32gui.error:
	 # This seems to mean that the control *cannot* have child windows,
	 # i.e. not a container.
	 return
	 for childHwnd, windowText, windowClass in childWindows:
	 descendentMatchingHwnds = searchChildWindows(childHwnd)
	 if descendentMatchingHwnds:
	 results += descendentMatchingHwnds

	 if wantedText and \
	 not _normaliseText(wantedText) in _normaliseText(windowText):
	 continue
	 if wantedClass and \
	 not windowClass == wantedClass:
	 continue
	 if selectionFunction and \
	 not selectionFunction(childHwnd):
	 continue
	 results.append(childHwnd)
	 return results

	 return searchChildWindows(topHwnd)

	def getTopMenu(hWnd):
	 '''Get a window's main, top level menu.
	
	 Arguments:
	 hWnd The window handle of the top level window for which the top
	 level menu is required.

	 Returns: The menu handle of the window's main, top level menu.

	 Usage example: hMenu = getTopMenu(hWnd)'''
	 return ctypes.windll.user32.GetMenu(ctypes.c_long(hWnd))

	def activateMenuItem(hWnd, menuItemPath):
	 '''Activate a menu item
	
	 Arguments:
	 hWnd The window handle of the top level window whose menu you
	 wish to activate.
	 menuItemPath The path to the required menu item. This should be a
	 sequence specifying the path through the menu to the
	 required item. Each item in this path can be specified
	 either as an index, or as a menu name.
	
	 Raises:
	 WinGuiAutoError When the requested menu option isn't found.

	 Usage example: activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, ('file', 'open'))
	
	 Which is exactly equivalent to...
	
	 activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, (0, 1))'''
	 # By Axel Kowald (kowald@molgen.mpg.de)
	 # Modified by S Brunning to accept strings in addition to indicies.

	 # Top level menu
	 hMenu = getTopMenu(hWnd)
	
	 # Get top level menu's item count. Is there a better way to do this?
	 for hMenuItemCount in xrange(256):
	 try:
	 getMenuInfo(hMenu, hMenuItemCount)
	 except WinGuiAutoError:
	 break
	 hMenuItemCount -= 1
	
	 # Walk down submenus
	 for submenu in menuItemPath[:-1]:
	 try: # submenu is an index
	 0 + submenu
	 submenuInfo = getMenuInfo(hMenu, submenu)
	 hMenu, hMenuItemCount = submenuInfo.submenu, submenuInfo.itemCount
	 except TypeError: # Hopefully, submenu is a menu name
	 try:
	 dump, hMenu, hMenuItemCount = _findNamedSubmenu(hMenu,
	 hMenuItemCount,
	 submenu)
	 except WinGuiAutoError:
	 raise WinGuiAutoError("Menu path " +
	 repr(menuItemPath) +
	 " cannot be found.")
	
	 # Get required menu item's ID. (the one at the end).
	 menuItem = menuItemPath[-1]
	 try: # menuItem is an index
	 0 + menuItem
	 menuItemID = ctypes.windll.user32.GetMenuItemID(hMenu,
	 menuItem)
	 except TypeError: # Hopefully, menuItem is a menu name
	 try:
	 subMenuIndex, dump, dump = _findNamedSubmenu(hMenu,
	 hMenuItemCount,
	 menuItem)
	 except WinGuiAutoError:
	 raise WinGuiAutoError("Menu path " +
	 repr(menuItemPath) +
	 " cannot be found.")
	 # TODO - catch WinGuiAutoError. and pass on with better info.
	 menuItemID = ctypes.windll.user32.GetMenuItemID(hMenu, subMenuIndex)

	 # Activate
	 win32gui.PostMessage(hWnd, win32con.WM_COMMAND, menuItemID, 0)
	
	def getMenuInfo(hMenu, uIDItem):
	 '''Get various info about a menu item.
	
	 Arguments:
	 hMenu The menu in which the item is to be found.
	 uIDItem The item's index

	 Returns: Menu item information object. This object is basically
	 a 'bunch'
	 (see http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/52308).
	 It will have useful attributes: name, itemCount,
	 submenu, isChecked, isDisabled, isGreyed, and
	 isSeperator
	
	 Raises:
	 WinGuiAutoError When the requested menu option isn't found.

	 Usage example: submenuInfo = getMenuInfo(hMenu, submenu)
	 hMenu, hMenuItemCount = submenuInfo.submenu, submenuInfo.itemCount'''
	 # An object to hold the menu info
	 class MenuInfo(Bunch):
	 pass
	 menuInfo = MenuInfo()

	 # Menu state
	 menuState = ctypes.windll.user32.GetMenuState(hMenu,
	 uIDItem,
	 win32con.MF_BYPOSITION)
	 if menuState == -1:
	 raise WinGuiAutoError("No such menu item, hMenu=" +
	 str(hMenu) +
	 " uIDItem=" +
	 str(uIDItem))
	 menuInfo.isChecked = bool(menuState & win32con.MF_CHECKED)
	 menuInfo.isDisabled = bool(menuState & win32con.MF_DISABLED)
	 menuInfo.isGreyed = bool(menuState & win32con.MF_GRAYED)
	 menuInfo.isSeperator = bool(menuState & win32con.MF_SEPARATOR)
	 # ... there are more, but these are the ones I'm interested in
	
	 # Menu name
	 menuName = ctypes.c_buffer("\000" * 32)
	 ctypes.windll.user32.GetMenuStringA(ctypes.c_int(hMenu),
	 ctypes.c_int(uIDItem),
	 menuName, ctypes.c_int(len(menuName)),
	 win32con.MF_BYPOSITION)
	 menuInfo.name = menuName.value

	 # Sub menu info
	 menuInfo.itemCount = menuState >> 8
	 if bool(menuState & win32con.MF_POPUP):
	 menuInfo.submenu = ctypes.windll.user32.GetSubMenu(hMenu, uIDItem)
	 else:
	 menuInfo.submenu = None
	
	 return menuInfo

	def clickButton(hwnd):
	 '''Simulates a single mouse click on a button

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle of the required button.

	 Usage example: okButton = findControl(fontDialog,
	 wantedClass="Button",
	 wantedText="OK")
	 clickButton(okButton)
	 '''
	 _sendNotifyMessage(hwnd, win32con.BN_CLICKED)

	def clickStatic(hwnd):
	 '''Simulates a single mouse click on a static

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle of the required static.

	 Usage example: TODO
	 '''
	 _sendNotifyMessage(hwnd, win32con.STN_CLICKED)

	def doubleClickStatic(hwnd):
	 '''Simulates a double mouse click on a static

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle of the required static.

	 Usage example: TODO
	 '''
	 _sendNotifyMessage(hwnd, win32con.STN_DBLCLK)

	def getComboboxItems(hwnd):
	 '''Returns the items in a combo box control.

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle for the combo box.

	 Returns: Combo box items.

	 Usage example: fontCombo = findControl(fontDialog, wantedClass="ComboBox")
	 fontComboItems = getComboboxItems(fontCombo)
	 '''
	
	 return _getMultipleWindowValues(hwnd,
	 getCountMessage=win32con.CB_GETCOUNT,
	 getValueMessage=win32con.CB_GETLBTEXT)

	def selectComboboxItem(hwnd, item):
	 '''Selects a specified item in a Combo box control.

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle of the required combo box.
	 item The reqired item. Either an index, of the text of the
	 required item.

	 Usage example: fontComboItems = getComboboxItems(fontCombo)
	 selectComboboxItem(fontCombo,
	 random.choice(fontComboItems))
	 '''
	 try: # item is an index Use this to select
	 0 + item
	 win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.CB_SETCURSEL, item, 0)
	 _sendNotifyMessage(hwnd, win32con.CBN_SELCHANGE)
	 except TypeError: # Item is a string - find the index, and use that
	 items = getComboboxItems(hwnd)
	 itemIndex = items.index(item)
	 selectComboboxItem(hwnd, itemIndex)

	def getListboxItems(hwnd):
	 '''Returns the items in a list box control.

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle for the list box.

	 Returns: List box items.

	 Usage example: TODO
	 '''
	
	 return _getMultipleWindowValues(hwnd,
	 getCountMessage=win32con.LB_GETCOUNT,
	 getValueMessage=win32con.LB_GETTEXT)

	def selectListboxItem(hwnd, item):
	 '''Selects a specified item in a list box control.

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle of the required list box.
	 item The reqired item. Either an index, of the text of the
	 required item.

	 Usage example: TODO
	 '''
	 try: # item is an index Use this to select
	 0 + item
	 win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.LB_SETCURSEL, item, 0)
	 _sendNotifyMessage(hwnd, win32con.LBN_SELCHANGE)
	 except TypeError: # Item is a string - find the index, and use that
	 items = getListboxItems(hwnd)
	 itemIndex = items.index(item)
	 selectListboxItem(hwnd, itemIndex)
	
	def getEditText(hwnd):
	 '''Returns the text in an edit control.

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle for the edit control.

	 Returns Edit control text lines.

	 Usage example: pprint.pprint(getEditText(editArea))
	 '''
	 return _getMultipleWindowValues(hwnd,
	 getCountMessage=win32con.EM_GETLINECOUNT,
	 getValueMessage=win32con.EM_GETLINE)
	
	def setEditText(hwnd, text, append=False):
	 '''Set an edit control's text.
	
	 Arguments:
	 hwnd The edit control's hwnd.
	 text The text to send to the control. This can be a single
	 string, or a sequence of strings. If the latter, each will
	 be become a a seperate line in the control.
	 append Should the new text be appended to the existing text?
	 Defaults to False, meaning that any existing text will be
	 replaced. If True, the new text will be appended to the end
	 of the existing text.
	 Note that the first line of the new text will be directly
	 appended to the end of the last line of the existing text.
	 If appending lines of text, you may wish to pass in an
	 empty string as the 1st element of the 'text' argument.

	 Usage example: print "Enter various bits of text."
	 setEditText(editArea, "Hello, again!")
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 setEditText(editArea, "You still there?")
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 setEditText(editArea, ["Here come", "two lines!"])
	 time.sleep(.5)
	
	 print "Add some..."
	 setEditText(editArea, ["", "And a 3rd one!"], append=True)
	 time.sleep(.5)'''
	
	 # Ensure that text is a list
	 try:
	 text + ''
	 text = [text]
	 except TypeError:
	 pass

	 # Set the current selection range, depending on append flag
	 if append:
	 win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd,
	 win32con.EM_SETSEL,
	 -1,
	 0)
	 else:
	 win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd,
	 win32con.EM_SETSEL,
	 0,
	 -1)
	
	 # Send the text
	 win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd,
	 win32con.EM_REPLACESEL,
	 True,
	 os.linesep.join(text))

	def _getMultipleWindowValues(hwnd, getCountMessage, getValueMessage):
	 '''A common pattern in the Win32 API is that in order to retrieve a
	 series of values, you use one message to get a count of available
	 items, and another to retrieve them. This internal utility function
	 performs the common processing for this pattern.

	 Arguments:
	 hwnd Window handle for the window for which items should be
	 retrieved.
	 getCountMessage Item count message.
	 getValueMessage Value retrieval message.

	 Returns: Retrieved items.'''
	 result = []
	
	 VALUE_LENGTH = 256
	 bufferlength_int = struct.pack('i', VALUE_LENGTH) # This is a C style int.
	
	 valuecount = win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, getCountMessage, 0, 0)
	 for itemIndex in range(valuecount):
	 valuebuffer = array.array('c',
	 bufferlength_int +
	 " " * (VALUE_LENGTH - len(bufferlength_int)))
	 valueLength = win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd,
	 getValueMessage,
	 itemIndex,
	 valuebuffer)
	 result.append(valuebuffer.tostring()[:valueLength])
	 return result

	def _windowEnumerationHandler(hwnd, resultList):
	 '''Pass to win32gui.EnumWindows() to generate list of window handle,
	 window text, window class tuples.'''
	 resultList.append((hwnd,
	 win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd),
	 win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd)))
	
	def _buildWinLong(high, low):
	 '''Build a windows long parameter from high and low words.
	 See http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q189/1/70.asp
	 '''
	 # return ((high << 16) | low)
	 return int(struct.unpack('>L',
	 struct.pack('>2H',
	 high,
	 low)) [0])
	
	def _sendNotifyMessage(hwnd, nofifyMessage):
	 '''Send a notify message to a control.'''
	 win32gui.SendMessage(win32gui.GetParent(hwnd),
	 win32con.WM_COMMAND,
	 _buildWinLong(nofifyMessage,
	 win32api.GetWindowLong(hwnd,
	 win32con.GWL_ID)),
	 hwnd)

	def _normaliseText(controlText):
	 '''Remove '&' characters, and lower case.
	 Useful for matching control text.'''
	 return controlText.lower().replace('&', '')

	def _findNamedSubmenu(hMenu, hMenuItemCount, submenuName):
	 '''Find the index number of a menu's submenu with a specific name.'''
	 for submenuIndex in range(hMenuItemCount):
	 submenuInfo = getMenuInfo(hMenu, submenuIndex)
	 if _normaliseText(submenuInfo.name).startswith(_normaliseText(submenuName)):
	 return submenuIndex, submenuInfo.submenu, submenuInfo.itemCount
	 raise WinGuiAutoError("No submenu found for hMenu=" +
	 repr(hMenu) +
	 ", hMenuItemCount=" +
	 repr(hMenuItemCount) +
	 ", submenuName=" +
	 repr(submenuName))
	
	
	class Bunch(object):
	 '''See http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/52308'''
	
	 def __init__(self, **kwds):
	 self.__dict__.update(kwds)
	
	 def __str__(self):
	 state = ["%s=%r" % (attribute, value)
	 for (attribute, value)
	 in self.__dict__.items()]
	 return '\n'.join(state)
	
	class WinGuiAutoError(Exception):
	 pass
	
	if __name__ == '__main__':
	 # Test - drives notepad.
	 # I't like to use unittest here, but I've no idea how to automate these
	 # tests.
	
	 # NT/2K/XP notepads have a different menu stuctures.
	 win_version = {4: "NT", 5: "2K", 6: "XP"}[os.sys.getwindowsversion()[0]]
	 print "win_version=", win_version
	
	 import pprint
	 import random
	 import time
	
	 print "Open and locate Notepad"
	 os.startfile('notepad')
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 notepadWindow = findTopWindow(wantedClass='Notepad')
	
	 print "Open and locate the 'replace' dialogue"
	 if win_version in ["NT"]:
	 activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, ['search', 'replace'])
	 elif win_version in ["2K", "XP"]:
	 activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, ['edit', 'replace'])
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 replaceDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText='Replace')
	
	 print "Locate the 'find' edit box"
	 findValue = findControl(replaceDialog, wantedClass="Edit")
	
	 print "Enter some text - and wait long enough for it to be seen"
	 setEditText(findValue, "Hello, mate!")
	 time.sleep(.5)
	
	 print "Locate the 'cancel' button, and click it."
	 cancelButton = findControl(replaceDialog,
	 wantedClass="Button",
	 wantedText="Cancel")
	 clickButton(cancelButton)
	
	 print "Open and locate the 'font' dialogue"
	 if win_version in ["NT"]:
	 activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, ['edit', 'set font'])
	 elif win_version in ["2K", "XP"]:
	 activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, ['format', 'font'])
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 fontDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText='Font')
	
	 print "Let's see if dumping works. Dump the 'font' dialogue contents:"
	 pprint.pprint(dumpWindow(fontDialog))
	
	 print "Change the font"
	 fontCombos = findControls(fontDialog, wantedClass="ComboBox")
	 print "Find the font selection combo"
	 for fontCombo in fontCombos:
	 fontComboItems = getComboboxItems(fontCombo)
	 if 'Arial' in fontComboItems:
	 break
	
	 print "Select at random"
	 selectComboboxItem(fontCombo, random.choice(fontComboItems))
	 time.sleep(.5)
	
	 okButton = findControl(fontDialog, wantedClass="Button", wantedText="OK")
	 clickButton(okButton)
	
	 print "Locate notpads edit area, and enter various bits of text."
	 editArea = findControl(notepadWindow,wantedClass="Edit")
	 setEditText(editArea, "Hello, again!")
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 setEditText(editArea, "You still there?")
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 setEditText(editArea, ["Here come", "two lines!"])
	 time.sleep(.5)
	
	 print "Add some..."
	 setEditText(editArea, ["", "And a 3rd one!"], append=True)
	 time.sleep(.5)
	
	 print "See what's there now:"
	 pprint.pprint(getEditText(editArea))
	
	 print "Exit notepad"
	 activateMenuItem(notepadWindow, ('file', 'exit'))
	 time.sleep(.5)
	
	 print "Don't save."
	 saveDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText='Notepad')
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 noButton = findControl(saveDialog,wantedClass="Button", wantedText="no")
	 clickButton(noButton)
	
	 print "OK, now we'll have a go with WordPad."
	 os.startfile('wordpad')
	 time.sleep(1)
	 wordpadWindow = findTopWindow(wantedText='WordPad')
	
	 print "Open and locate the 'new document' dialog."
	 activateMenuItem(wordpadWindow, [0, 0])
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 newDialog = findTopWindow(wantedText='New')
	
	 print "Check you get an exception for non-existent control"
	 try:
	 findControl(newDialog, wantedClass="Banana")
	 raise Exception("Test failed")
	 except WinGuiAutoError, winGuiAutoError:
	 print "Yup, got: ", str(winGuiAutoError)
	
	 print "Locate the 'document type' list box"
	 docType = findControl(newDialog, wantedClass="ListBox")
	 typeListBox = getListboxItems(docType)
	 print "getListboxItems(docType)=", typeListBox
	
	 print "Select a type at random"
	 selectListboxItem(docType, random.randint(0, len(typeListBox)-1))
	 time.sleep(.5)
	 clickButton(findControl(newDialog, wantedClass="Button", wantedText="OK"))
	
	 print "Check you get an exception for non-existent menu path"
	 try:
	 activateMenuItem(wordpadWindow, ('not', 'there'))
	 raise Exception("Test failed")
	 except WinGuiAutoError, winGuiAutoError:
	 print "Yup, got: ", str(winGuiAutoError)
	
	 print "Check you get an exception for non-existent menu item"
	 try:
	 activateMenuItem(wordpadWindow, ('file', 'missing'))
	 raise Exception("Test failed")
	 except WinGuiAutoError, winGuiAutoError:
	 print "Yup, got: ", str(winGuiAutoError)
	
	 print "Exit wordpad"
	 activateMenuItem(wordpadWindow, ('file', 'exit'))
	
	 print "Check you get an exception for non-existent top window"
	 try:
	 findTopWindow(wantedText="Banana")
	 raise Exception("Test failed")
	 except WinGuiAutoError, winGuiAutoError:
	 print "Yup, got: ", str(winGuiAutoError)
	
	 print "Err, that's it."
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