用SQOOP从SQLSERVER导入数据到（HDFS,HIVE,HBASE)代码,Sqoop代码库,德仔网

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【Sqoop】用SQOOP从SQLSERVER导入数据到（HDFS,HIVE,HBASE)
作者:筱雨 / 发布于2017/3/9/ 517
假定: 用户database：InsideTSQL2008， tablename:Employees
注意：如果需要导入的table “No primary key could be found”， 则需要“specify one with --split-by or perform a quential import with '-m 1'.”
准备：从Microsoft官网下载jdbc驱动， 将sqljdbc_3.0/enu/下的sqljdbc4.jar和sqljdbc.jar包导入到$SQOOP_HOME/lib下。
       下载地址：http://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/download/confirmation.aspx?id=2505
1. import all-tables
${Installation}/bin/sqoop import-all-tables\
--connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30; username=sa;\ password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' -m 1 \
--target-dir /user/grid/mydb/

2. import some tables
${Installation}/bin/sqoop import --verbose \
--driver com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver\
 --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30; username=sa;\
password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' \
--table Employees --target-dir /user/grid/Employees_db -m 1

3. list-tables
$SQOOP_HOME/bin/sqoop list-tables \
--connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30; username=sa; \
password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'

4. create-hive-table
sqoop  import --warehouse-dir "/user/hive/MyWareHouse" \
--hive-overwrite --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\ 
username=sa;password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' \
--table Employees --hive-table tblFoo --hive-import -m 1
注意：导入hive以后因为Hive官方默认的配置问题，是看不到已导入的tables的，需要做如下修改：
$HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml中修改配置如下：
修改一
将:
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
  <value>jdbc:derby:;databaseName=metastore_db;create=true</value>
  <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
修改为：
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
  <value>jdbc:derby:;databaseName=/home/grid/hive/metastore_db;create=true</value>
  <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
注意：databaseName的地址为metastore_db存放的地方，默认在$HIVE_HOME/下面。
修改二
官方配置文档有错误，做如下修改：
将：
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.thrift.sasl.qop</name>
  <value>auth</auth>
跟正为：
<property>
  <name>hive.server2.thrift.sasl.qop</name>
  <value>auth</value>
修改以上两项后重启hive 即可。

5. list-databases
sqoop list-databases --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'
6. list-columns-of-a-table
sqoop import -connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30; \
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'\
--table Employees --columns "empid, lastname, firstname, title"\
-m 1

7. Storing data in SequenceFiles, and setting the generated class name to com.foo.Employee
sqoop import -connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30; \
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'\
--table Employees --class-name com.foo.Employee \
--as-sequencefile -m 1

8.Specifying the delimiters to use in a text-mode import
sqoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' \
--table Employees --fields-terminated-by ',' \
--lines-terminated-by '\n' --optionally-enclosed-by '\"' -m

9. import data like "select ... where..." and with user-defined-delimiters
sqoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' \
--table Employees --where "mgrid = 5" --fields-terminated-by ','\
--lines-terminated-by '\n'  --optionally-enclosed-by '\"' -m 1

10. Changing the splitting column from the default(default is the primary key)
sqoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'\
--table Employees --where "mgrid = 5" --split-by empi\
--fields-terminated-by ',' --lines-terminated-by '\n' \
--optionally-enclosed-by '\"'

11. append data to an existed table
qoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' \
--table Employees --where "mgrid <> 5" --fields-terminated-by ','\
--lines-terminated-by '\n'  --optionally-enclosed-by '\"' \
--split-by empid --append

12 uses validation to validate the import using the table row count and number of rows copied into HDFS
sqoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'\
--table Employees --validate -m 1
13. Query Imports
sqoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'\
--query "SELECT a.empid, a.lastname FROM Employees AS a WHERE\
a.empid > 2 AND \$CONDITIONS" -split-by a.empid \
--target-dir /user/grid/query_results
注意，--target-dir，-split-by(或m 1)不能少，$CONDITIONS必须有，且为保险起见加反斜杠；
程序执行时会将以上命令展开为：
SELECT a.empid, a.lastname FROM Employees AS a WHERE a.empid > 2 AND  (1 = 0)

14. delete-target-dir
sqoop import --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008'\
--table Employees -m 1 --delete-target-dir
Delete the import target directory if it exists.
注意，不需要指定要删除哪个directory, “delete-target-dir”删除的就是需要import数据的那个directory

15.  codegen
sqoop codegen --connect 'jdbc:sqlserver://172.16.102.30;\
username=sa; password=1qaz!QAZ;  database=InsideTSQL2008' \
--table Employees
注意 codegen的argument, 不含delete-target-dir, 请参考codegen的common argument, codegen arguments, Output line formatting arguments, Input parsing arguments和Hive arguments
16. import tables with sqoop class in programs
code from : http://grepcode.com/file/repository.cloudera.com/content/repositories/releases/com.cloudera.sqoop/sqoop/1.3.0-cdh3u1/com/cloudera/sqoop/manager/SQLServerManager.java
 
package com.cloudera.sqoop.manager;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import com.cloudera.sqoop.SqoopOptions;
import com.cloudera.sqoop.mapreduce.JdbcExportJob;
import com.cloudera.sqoop.mapreduce.SQLServerExportOutputFormat;
import com.cloudera.sqoop.util.ExportException;
                                                            
//Manages connections to SQLServer databases. Requires the SQLServer JDBC driver.
public class  [More ...] SQLServerManager extends GenericJdbcManager {
    public static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(
        SQLServerManager.class.getName());
    // driver class to ensure is loaded when making db connection.
    private static final String DRIVER_CLASS =
    "com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver";
    public  [More ...] SQLServerManager(final SqoopOptions opts) {
        super(DRIVER_CLASS, opts);
    }   
 // Export data stored in HDFS into a table in a database.
    @Override
    public void  [More ...] exportTable(ExportJobContext context)
    throws IOException, ExportException {
        context.setConnManager(this);
        JdbcExportJob exportJob = new JdbcExportJob(context, null, null,
            SQLServerExportOutputFormat.class);
        exportJob.runExport();
    }
 // SQLServer does not support the CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() function. Instead it has the notion of keyword CURRENT_TIMESTAMP that resolves to the current time stamp for the database system.
    @Override
    public String  [More ...] getCurTimestampQuery() {
        return "SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP";
    }
}
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