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【Java】 http工具类
作者:Chad / 发布于2014/10/14/ 552

	/*
	* Copyright 2012-2013 The Haohui Network Corporation
	*/
	package util;
	
	/**
	* @file HttpUtil.java
	*
	* @brief
	* HttpUtil is a single class containing methods to conveniently perform HTTP
	* requests. HttpUtil only uses regular java io and net functionality and does
	* not depend on external libraries.
	* The class contains methods to perform a get, post, put, and delete request,
	* and supports posting forms. Optionally, one can provide headers.
	*
	* Example usage:
	*
	* // get
	* String res = HttpUtil.get("http://www.google.com");
	*
	* // post
	* String res = HttpUtil.post("http://sendmedata.com", "This is the data");
	*
	* // post form
	* Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
	* params.put("firstname", "Joe");
	* params.put("lastname", "Smith");
	* params.put("age", "28");
	* String res = HttpUtil.postForm("http://site.com/newuser", params);
	*
	* // append query parameters to url
	* String url = "http://mydatabase.com/users";
	* Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
	* params.put("orderby", "name");
	* params.put("limit", "10");
	* String fullUrl = HttpUtil.appendQueryParams(url, params);
	* // fullUrl = "http://mydatabase.com/user?orderby=name&limit=10"
	*
	* @license
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
	* use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
	* of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
	* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
	* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
	* the License.
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2012 Almende B.V.
	*
	* @author Jos de Jong, <jos@almende.org>
	* @date 2012-05-14
	*/
	
	import java.io.BufferedReader;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.InputStream;
	import java.io.InputStreamReader;
	import java.io.OutputStream;
	import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
	import java.net.URL;
	import java.net.URLDecoder;
	import java.net.URLEncoder;
	import java.nio.charset.Charset;
	import java.nio.charset.IllegalCharsetNameException;
	import java.util.HashMap;
	import java.util.Locale;
	import java.util.Map;
	import java.util.regex.Matcher;
	import java.util.regex.Pattern;
	import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
	
	/**
	* https://raw.github.com/wjosdejong/httputil/master/src/com/almende/util/HttpUtil.java
	*
	* @project baidamei
	* @author cevencheng <cevencheng@gmail.com>
	* @create 2012-11-17 下午2:35:38
	*/
	public class HttpUtil {
	 /**
	 * Send a get request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * @return response
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String get(String url) throws IOException {
	 return get(url, null);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a get request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param headers
	 * Optional map with headers
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String get(String url, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
	 return fetch("GET", url, null, headers);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a post request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param body
	 * Request body as string
	 * @param headers
	 * Optional map with headers
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String post(String url, String body, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
	 return fetch("POST", url, body, headers);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a post request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param body
	 * Request body as string
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String post(String url, String body) throws IOException {
	 return post(url, body, null);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Post a form with parameters
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param params
	 * map with parameters/values
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException {
	 return postForm(url, params, null);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Post a form with parameters
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param params
	 * Map with parameters/values
	 * @param headers
	 * Optional map with headers
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
	 // set content type
	 if (headers == null) {
	 headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
	 }
	 headers.put("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
	
	 // parse parameters
	 String body = "";
	 if (params != null) {
	 boolean first = true;
	 for (String param : params.keySet()) {
	 if (first) {
	 first = false;
	 } else {
	 body += "&";
	 }
	 String value = params.get(param);
	 body += URLEncoder.encode(param, "UTF-8") + "=";
	 body += URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
	 }
	 }
	
	 return post(url, body, headers);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a put request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param body
	 * Request body as string
	 * @param headers
	 * Optional map with headers
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String put(String url, String body, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
	 return fetch("PUT", url, body, headers);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a put request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String put(String url, String body) throws IOException {
	 return put(url, body, null);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a delete request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param headers
	 * Optional map with headers
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String delete(String url, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
	 return fetch("DELETE", url, null, headers);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a delete request
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String delete(String url) throws IOException {
	 return delete(url, null);
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Append query parameters to given url
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param params
	 * Map with query parameters
	 * @return url Url with query parameters appended
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String appendQueryParams(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException {
	 String fullUrl = new String(url);
	
	 if (params != null) {
	 boolean first = (fullUrl.indexOf('?') == -1);
	 for (String param : params.keySet()) {
	 if (first) {
	 fullUrl += '?';
	 first = false;
	 } else {
	 fullUrl += '&';
	 }
	 String value = params.get(param);
	 fullUrl += URLEncoder.encode(param, "UTF-8") + '=';
	 fullUrl += URLEncoder.encode(value, "UTF-8");
	 }
	 }
	
	 return fullUrl;
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Retrieve the query parameters from given url
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url containing query parameters
	 * @return params Map with query parameters
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public Map<String, String> getQueryParams(String url) throws IOException {
	 Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
	
	 int start = url.indexOf('?');
	 while (start != -1) {
	 // read parameter name
	 int equals = url.indexOf('=', start);
	 String param = "";
	 if (equals != -1) {
	 param = url.substring(start + 1, equals);
	 } else {
	 param = url.substring(start + 1);
	 }
	
	 // read parameter value
	 String value = "";
	 if (equals != -1) {
	 start = url.indexOf('&', equals);
	 if (start != -1) {
	 value = url.substring(equals + 1, start);
	 } else {
	 value = url.substring(equals + 1);
	 }
	 }
	
	 params.put(URLDecoder.decode(param, "UTF-8"), URLDecoder.decode(value, "UTF-8"));
	 }
	
	 return params;
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Returns the url without query parameters
	 *
	 * @param url
	 * Url containing query parameters
	 * @return url Url without query parameters
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String removeQueryParams(String url) throws IOException {
	 int q = url.indexOf('?');
	 if (q != -1) {
	 return url.substring(0, q);
	 } else {
	 return url;
	 }
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Send a request
	 *
	 * @param method
	 * HTTP method, for example "GET" or "POST"
	 * @param url
	 * Url as string
	 * @param body
	 * Request body as string
	 * @param headers
	 * Optional map with headers
	 * @return response Response as string
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String fetch(String method, String url, String body, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
	 // connection
	 URL u = new URL(url);
	 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
	 conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);
	 conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
	
	 // method
	 if (method != null) {
	 conn.setRequestMethod(method);
	 }
	
	 // headers
	 if (headers != null) {
	 for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
	 conn.addRequestProperty(key, headers.get(key));
	 }
	 }
	
	 // body
	 if (body != null) {
	 conn.setDoOutput(true);
	 OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
	 os.write(body.getBytes());
	 os.flush();
	 os.close();
	 }
	 boolean isGzip = false;
	 String charset = null;
	 // response
	 if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
	
	 // for (int i = 0;; i++) {
	 // String headerName = conn.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
	 String contentEncoding = conn.getHeaderField("Content-Encoding");
	 if (contentEncoding != null && contentEncoding.equalsIgnoreCase("gzip")) {
	 isGzip = true;
	 }
	 String contentType = conn.getHeaderField("Content-Type");
	 charset = getCharsetFromContentType(contentType);
	 }
	 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
	 String response = streamToString(is, charset, isGzip);
	 is.close();
	
	 // handle redirects
	 if (conn.getResponseCode() == 301) {
	 String location = conn.getHeaderField("Location");
	 return fetch(method, location, body, headers);
	 }
	
	 return response;
	 }
	
	 //
	 /**
	 * 字符集编码
	 */
	 private static final Pattern charsetPattern = Pattern.compile("(?i)\\bcharset=\\s*(?:\"|')?([^\\s,;\"']*)");
	
	 /**
	 * 检测网页编码
	 *
	 * @param contentType
	 * @return
	 */
	 static String getCharsetFromContentType(String contentType) {
	 if (contentType == null)
	 return null;
	 Matcher m = charsetPattern.matcher(contentType);
	 if (m.find()) {
	 String charset = m.group(1).trim();
	 charset = charset.replace("charset=", "");
	 if (charset.length() == 0)
	 return null;
	 try {
	 if ("gb2312".equalsIgnoreCase(charset) || "gbk".equalsIgnoreCase(charset)) {
	 charset = "gb18030";
	 }
	 if (Charset.isSupported(charset))
	 return charset;
	 charset = charset.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
	 if (Charset.isSupported(charset))
	 return charset;
	 } catch (IllegalCharsetNameException e) {
	 // if our advanced charset matching fails.... we just take the default
	 return null;
	 }
	 }
	 return null;
	 }
	
	 /**
	 * Read an input stream into a string
	 *
	 * @param in
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	 static public String streamToString(InputStream is, String charset, boolean isGzip) throws IOException {
	 if (charset == null || "".equals(charset.trim())) {
	 charset = "utf-8";
	 }
	 BufferedReader reader = null;
	 if (isGzip) {
	 reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new GZIPInputStream(is), charset));// 设置编码,否则中文乱码
	 } else {
	 reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, charset));// 设置编码,否则中文乱码
	 }
	 String line = "";
	 StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
	 while (null != (line = reader.readLine())) {
	 if (!"".equals(line)) {
	 result.append(line).append("\r\n");
	 }
	 }
	
	 return result.toString();
	 }
	
	}
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