生成不重复的随机数算法代码,CSharp代码库,德仔网

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【CSharp】生成不重复的随机数算法
作者:Dezai.CN / 发布于2011/8/3/ 553
有时我们需要从指定的数值范围内随机产生一个数，利用这个伪随机数去实现自己想要实现的东西。在园子里看了不少好文章和代码，发现zhoufoxcn实现这个算法的思路很好，尤其是第三个方法，效率较好，便把这一skill记载了下来，虽然我们可以用诸如Random rand = new Random(Guid.NewGuid().GetHashCode()); int value = rand.next(intMin, intMax)代码实现，但程序员的最大乐趣在于自己动脑，用不同的思路写出不同的算法。
<div><span style="color: #0000ff">static</span><span style="color: #000000"> List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000"> GenerateNumber1()
 {
 List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000"> result </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #800080">100</span><span style="color: #000000">);
 Random random </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> Random();
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> temp </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">;
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">while</span><span style="color: #000000"> (result.Count </span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">100</span><span style="color: #000000">)
 {
 temp </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> random.Next(</span><span style="color: #800080">1</span><span style="color: #000000">, </span><span style="color: #800080">34</span><span style="color: #000000">);
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span><span style="color: #000000"> (</span><span style="color: #000000">!</span><span style="color: #000000">result.Contains(temp))
 {
 result.Add(temp);
 }
 }
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> result;

 }

 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">static</span><span style="color: #000000"> List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000"> GenerateNumber2()
 {
 List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000"> container </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #800080">33</span><span style="color: #000000">);
 List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000"> result </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> List</span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">></span><span style="color: #000000">(</span><span style="color: #800080">6</span><span style="color: #000000">);
 Random random </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> Random();
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">for</span><span style="color: #000000"> (</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">1</span><span style="color: #000000">; i </span><span style="color: #000000"><=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">33</span><span style="color: #000000">; i</span><span style="color: #000000">++</span><span style="color: #000000">)
 {
 container.Add(i);
 }

 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> index </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">;
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> value </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">;
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">for</span><span style="color: #000000"> (</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">1</span><span style="color: #000000">; i </span><span style="color: #000000"><=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">6</span><span style="color: #000000">; i</span><span style="color: #000000">++</span><span style="color: #000000">)
 {
 index </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> random.Next(</span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">, container.Count);
 value </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> container[index];
 result.Add(value);
 container.RemoveAt(index);
 }

 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> result;
 }

 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">static</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">[] GenerateNumber3()
 {
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 用于存放1到33这33个数</span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">[] container </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">[</span><span style="color: #800080">33</span><span style="color: #000000">];
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">用于保存返回结果 </span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">[] result </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000">[</span><span style="color: #800080">6</span><span style="color: #000000">];
 Random random </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> Random();
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">for</span><span style="color: #000000"> (</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">; i </span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">33</span><span style="color: #000000">; i</span><span style="color: #000000">++</span><span style="color: #000000">)
 {
 container[i] </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">+</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">1</span><span style="color: #000000">;
 }
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> index </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">;
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> value </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">;
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">for</span><span style="color: #000000"> (</span><span style="color: #0000ff">int</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">; i </span><span style="color: #000000"><</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">6</span><span style="color: #000000">; i</span><span style="color: #000000">++</span><span style="color: #000000">)
 {
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">从[1,container.Count + 1)中取一个随机值，保证这个值不会超过container的元素个数 </span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> index </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> random.Next(</span><span style="color: #800080">0</span><span style="color: #000000">, container.Length </span><span style="color: #000000">-</span><span style="color: #000000"> i);
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">以随机生成的值作为索引取container中的值 </span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> value </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> container[index];
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">将随机取得值的放到结果集合中 </span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> result[i] </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> value;
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">将刚刚使用到的从容器集合中移到末尾去 </span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> container[index] </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> container[container.Length </span><span style="color: #000000">-</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">-</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">1</span><span style="color: #000000">];
 </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">将队列对应的值移到队列中 </span><span style="color: #008000">
</span><span style="color: #000000"> container[container.Length </span><span style="color: #000000">-</span><span style="color: #000000"> i </span><span style="color: #000000">-</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #800080">1</span><span style="color: #000000">] </span><span style="color: #000000">=</span><span style="color: #000000"> value; 

 }
 </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> result;
 }</span></div>
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